Chapter 6 Inside Computers and Mobile Devices
Inside the Case
1. The motherboard is the main circuit board of the computer
2. processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
Ø A multi-core processor is a single chip with two or more separate processor cores
Ø control unit is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer
Ø The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
Ø every instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic operations, which consist of a machine cycle
Ø processor chip generates heat that could cause the chip to malfunction or fail
Data Represention
Analog signals are continuous and vary in strength and quality
Digital signals are in one of two states: on or off
Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data
1. The operating system and other programs
2. Applications
3. Data being processed and the resulting information
Volatile memory
Loses its contents when power is turned off
Example includes RAM
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Nonvolatile memory
Does not lose contents when power is removed
Examples include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS
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Ø Flash memory can be erased electronically and rewritten.
Ø Access time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory
Ø An adapter card enhances functions of a component of a desktop or server system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals
Ø Sound card and graphics card
Ø An expansion slot is a socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card
Ø Plug and Play, the computer automatically can recognize peripheral devices as you install them
Ø power supply or laptop AC adapter converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power
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